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Compare Cayman Islands (2001) - Kenya (2001)

Compare Cayman Islands (2001) z Kenya (2001)

 Cayman Islands (2001)Kenya (2001)
 Cayman IslandsKenya
Administrative divisions 8 districts; Creek, Eastern, Midland, South Town, Spot Bay, Stake Bay, West End, Western 7 provinces and 1 area*; Central, Coast, Eastern, Nairobi Area*, North Eastern, Nyanza, Rift Valley, Western
Age structure 0-14 years:
22.21% (male 3,807; female 4,084)

15-64 years:
69.74% (male 12,102; female 12,676)

65 years and over:
8.05% (male 1,318; female 1,540) (2001 est.)
0-14 years:
41.95% (male 6,524,776; female 6,381,192)

15-64 years:
55.26% (male 8,529,842; female 8,471,609)

65 years and over:
2.79% (male 376,151; female 482,346) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products vegetables, fruit; livestock, turtle farming coffee, tea, corn, wheat, sugarcane, fruit, vegetables; dairy products, beef, pork, poultry, eggs
Airports 3 (2000 est.) 230 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total:
2

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2 (2000 est.)
total:
22

over 3,047 m:
4

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3

914 to 1,523 m:
13

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
1 (2000 est.)
total:
208

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
14

914 to 1,523 m:
109

under 914 m:
84 (2000 est.)
Area total:
259 sq km

land:
259 sq km

water:
0 sq km
total:
582,650 sq km

land:
569,250 sq km

water:
13,400 sq km
Area - comparative 1.5 times the size of Washington, DC slightly more than twice the size of Nevada
Background The Cayman Islands were colonized from Jamaica by the British during the 18th and 19th centuries. Administered by Jamaica from 1863, they remained a British dependency after 1962 when the former became independent. Revered president and liberation struggle icon Jomo KENYATTA led Kenya from independence until his death in 1978, when current President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI took power in a constitutional succession. The country was a de facto one-party state from 1969 until 1982 when the ruling Kenya African National Union (KANU) made itself the sole legal party in Kenya. MOI acceded to internal and external pressure for political liberalization in late 1991. The ethnically fractured opposition failed to dislodge KANU from power in elections in 1992 and 1997, which were marred by violence and fraud, but are viewed as having generally reflected the will of the Kenyan people. The country faces a period of political uncertainty because MOI is constitutionally required to step down at the next elections that have to be held by early 2003.
Birth rate 13.79 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 28.5 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues:
$265.2 million

expenditures:
$248.9 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997)
revenues:
$2.91 billion

expenditures:
$2.97 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.)
Capital George Town Nairobi
Climate tropical marine; warm, rainy summers (May to October) and cool, relatively dry winters (November to April) varies from tropical along coast to arid in interior
Coastline 160 km 536 km
Constitution 1959, revised 1972 and 1992 12 December 1963, amended as a republic 1964; reissued with amendments 1979, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1992, and 1997
Country name conventional long form:
none

conventional short form:
Cayman Islands
conventional long form:
Republic of Kenya

conventional short form:
Kenya

former:
British East Africa
Currency Caymanian dollar (KYD) Kenyan shilling (KES)
Death rate 5.15 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 14.35 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $70 million (1996) $6.2 billion (2000)
Dependency status overseas territory of the UK -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission:
Ambassador Johnnie CARSON

embassy:
US Embassy, Mombasa Road, Nairobi

mailing address:
P. O. Box 30137, Box 21A, Unit 64100, APO AE 09831

telephone:
[254] (2) 537-800

FAX:
[254] (2) 537-810
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas territory of the UK) chief of mission:
Ambassador Yusuf Abdulraham NZIBO

chancery:
2249 R Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 387-6101

FAX:
[1] (202) 462-3829

consulate(s) general:
offices in Los Angeles and New York are closed; mission to the UN remains open
Disputes - international none administrative boundary with Sudan does not coincide with international boundary
Economic aid - recipient $NA $457 million (1997)
Economy - overview With no direct taxation, the islands are a thriving offshore financial center. More than 40,000 companies were registered in the Cayman Islands as of 1997, including almost 600 banks and trust companies; banking assets exceed $500 billion. A stock exchange was opened in 1997. Tourism is also a mainstay, accounting for about 70% of GDP and 75% of foreign currency earnings. The tourist industry is aimed at the luxury market and caters mainly to visitors from North America. Total tourist arrivals exceeded 1.2 million visitors in 1997. About 90% of the islands' food and consumer goods must be imported. The Caymanians enjoy one of the highest outputs per capita and one of the highest standards of living in the world. Kenya is well placed to serve as an engine of growth in East Africa, but its economy has been stagnating because of poor management and uneven commitment to reform. In 1993, the government of Kenya implemented a program of economic liberalization and reform that included the removal of import licensing, price controls, and foreign exchange controls. With the support of the World Bank, IMF, and other donors, the reforms led to a brief turnaround in economic performance following a period of negative growth in the early 1990s. Kenya's real GDP grew 5% in 1995 and 4% in 1996, and inflation remained under control. Growth slowed after 1997, averaging only 1.5% in 1997-2000. In 1997, political violence damaged the tourist industry, and Kenya's Enhanced Structural Adjustment Program lapsed due to the government's failure to maintain reform or address public sector corruption. Severe drought in 1999 and 2000 caused water and energy rationing and reduced agricultural sector productivity. A new economic team was put in place in 1999 to revitalize the reform effort, strengthen the civil service, and curb corruption. The IMF and World Bank renewed their support to Kenya in mid-2000, but a number of setbacks to the economic reform program in late 2000 have renewed donor and private sector concern about the government's commitment to sound governance. Long-term barriers to development include electricity shortages, inefficient government dominance of key sectors, endemic corruption, and high population growth.
Electricity - consumption 306.9 million kWh (1999) 4.075 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) 146 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 330 million kWh (1999) 4.225 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel:
31%

hydro:
67%

nuclear:
0%

other:
2% (1999 est.)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
The Bluff 43 m
lowest point:
Indian Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mount Kenya 5,199 m
Environment - current issues no natural fresh water resources; drinking water supplies must be met by rainwater catchment water pollution from urban and industrial wastes; degradation of water quality from increased use of pesticides and fertilizers; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; poaching
Environment - international agreements - party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups mixed 40%, white 20%, black 20%, expatriates of various ethnic groups 20% Kikuyu 22%, Luhya 14%, Luo 13%, Kalenjin 12%, Kamba 11%, Kisii 6%, Meru 6%, other African 15%, non-African (Asian, European, and Arab) 1%
Exchange rates Caymanian dollars per US dollar - 0.83 (3 November 1995), 0.85 (22 November 1993) Kenyan shillings per US dollar - 78.733 (December 2000), 76.176 (2000), 70.326 (1999), 60.367 (1998), 58.732 (1997), 57.115 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state:
Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); Governor and President of the Executive Council Peter SMITH (since 5 May 1999)

head of government:
Kurt TIBBETTS (since November 2000)

cabinet:
Executive Council (three members appointed by the governor, four members elected by the Legislative Assembly)

elections:
none; the monarch is hereditary; the governor is appointed by the monarch
chief of state:
President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI (since 14 October 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI (since 14 October 1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote from among the members of the National Assembly for a five-year term; in addition to receiving the largest number of votes in absolute terms, the presidential candidate must also win 25% or more of the vote in at least five of Kenya's seven provinces and one area to avoid a runoff; election last held 29 December 1997 (next to be held by early 2003); vice president appointed by the president

election results:
President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI reelected; percent of vote - Daniel T. arap MOI (KANU) 40.6%, Mwai KIBAKI (DP) 31.5%, Raila ODINGA (NDP) 11.1%, Michael WAMALWA (FORD-K) 8.4%, Charity NGILU (SDP) 7.8%
Exports $1.5 million (1998) $1.7 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities turtle products, manufactured consumer goods tea, coffee, horticultural products, petroleum products, fish, cement
Exports - partners mostly US Uganda 18%, UK 15%, Tanzania 12%, Pakistan 8% (1999)
Fiscal year 1 April - 31 March 1 July - 30 June
Flag description blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the Caymanian coat of arms on a white disk centered on the outer half of the flag; the coat of arms includes a pineapple and turtle above a shield with three stars (representing the three islands) and a scroll at the bottom bearing the motto HE HATH FOUNDED IT UPON THE SEAS three equal horizontal bands of black (top), red, and green; the red band is edged in white; a large warrior's shield covering crossed spears is superimposed at the center
GDP purchasing power parity - $930 million (1997 est.) purchasing power parity - $45.6 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
1.4%

industry:
3.2%

services:
95.4% (1994 est.)
agriculture:
25%

industry:
13%

services:
62% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $24,500 (1997 est.) purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 4.9% (1999 est.) 0.4% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 19 30 N, 80 30 W 1 00 N, 38 00 E
Geography - note important location between Cuba and Central America the Kenyan Highlands comprise one of the most successful agricultural production regions in Africa; glaciers on Mt. Kenya; unique physiography supports abundant and varied wildlife of scientific and economic value
Highways total:
406 km

paved:
304 km

unpaved:
102 km
total:
63,800 km

paved:
8,868 km

unpaved:
54,932 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%
lowest 10%:
1.8%

highest 10%:
34.9% (1994)
Illicit drugs vulnerable to drug money laundering and drug transshipment to the US and Europe widespread harvesting of small plots of marijuana; transit country for South Asian heroin destined for Europe and North America; Indian methaqualone also transits on way to South Africa
Imports $507.6 million (1998) $3 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, manufactured goods machinery and transportation equipment, petroleum products, iron and steel
Imports - partners US, Trinidad and Tobago, UK, Netherlands Antilles, Japan UK 12%, UAE 8%, Japan 8%, US 7% (1999)
Independence none (overseas territory of the UK) 12 December 1963 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 0.5% (2000 est.)
Industries tourism, banking, insurance and finance, construction, construction materials, furniture small-scale consumer goods (plastic, furniture, batteries, textiles, soap, cigarettes, flour), agricultural products processing; oil refining, cement; tourism
Infant mortality rate 10.16 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 67.99 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 3% (1998) 7% (2000 est.)
International organization participation Caricom (observer), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), IOC, UNESCO (associate) ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, EADB, ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMEE, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOP, UNTAET, UNU, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 16 (2000) 5 (2000)
Irrigated land NA sq km 660 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Summary Court; Grand Court; Cayman Islands Court of Appeal Court of Appeal (chief justice is appointed by the president); High Court
Labor force 19,820 (1995) 9.2 million (1998 est.)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 1.4%, industry 12.6%, services 86% (1995) agriculture 75%-80%
Land boundaries 0 km total:
3,446 km

border countries:
Ethiopia 830 km, Somalia 682 km, Sudan 232 km, Tanzania 769 km, Uganda 933 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
8%

forests and woodland:
23%

other:
69% (1993 est.)
arable land:
7%

permanent crops:
1%

permanent pastures:
37%

forests and woodland:
30%

other:
25% (1993 est.)
Languages English English (official), Kiswahili (official), numerous indigenous languages
Legal system British common law and local statutes based on English common law, tribal law, and Islamic law; judicial review in High Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations; constitutional amendment of 1982 making Kenya a de jure one-party state repealed in 1991
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Assembly (18 seats, three appointed members and 15 elected by popular vote; members serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held 8 November 2000 (next to be held NA November 2004)

election results:
percent of vote - NA%; seats - NA
unicameral National Assembly or Bunge (222 seats; 210 members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms, 12 so-called "nominated" members who are appointed by the president, but selected by the parties in proportion to their parliamentary vote totals)

elections:
last held 29 December 1997 (next to be held by early 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - KANU 107, FORD-A 1, FORD-K 17, FORD-People 3, DP 39, NDP 21, SDP 15, SAFINA 5, smaller parties 2; seats appointed by the president - KANU 6, FORD-K 1, DP 2, SDP 1, NDP 1, SAFINA 1
Life expectancy at birth total population:
79.03 years

male:
76.24 years

female:
81.43 years (2001 est.)
total population:
47.49 years

male:
46.57 years

female:
48.44 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over has ever attended school

total population:
98%

male:
98%

female:
98% (1970 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
78.1%

male:
86.3%

female:
70% (1995 est.)
Location Caribbean, island group in Caribbean Sea, nearly one-half of the way from Cuba to Honduras Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Somalia and Tanzania
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Africa
Maritime claims exclusive fishing zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
continental shelf:
200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine total:
106 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,656,452 GRT/2,643,036 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 21, cargo 5, chemical tanker 27, container 4, liquefied gas 1, petroleum tanker 13, refrigerated cargo 30, roll on/roll off 4, specialized tanker 1

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Cyprus 2, Denmark 2, Finland 1, Greece 11, Norway 3, UK 3, US 3 (2000 est.)
total:
2 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 4,893 GRT/6,255 DWT

ships by type:
petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 1 (2000 est.)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of the UK -
Military branches Royal Cayman Islands Police Force (RCIPF) Army, Navy, Air Force, paramilitary General Service Unit of the Police
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $197 million (FY98/99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - 1.9% (FY98/99)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
7,712,402 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
4,774,889 (2001 est.)
National holiday Constitution Day, first Monday in July Independence Day, 12 December (1963)
Nationality noun:
Caymanian(s)

adjective:
Caymanian
noun:
Kenyan(s)

adjective:
Kenyan
Natural hazards hurricanes (July to November) recurring drought in northern and eastern regions; flooding during rainy seasons
Natural resources fish, climate and beaches that foster tourism gold, limestone, soda ash, salt barites, rubies, fluorspar, garnets, wildlife, hydropower
Net migration rate 12.58 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)

note:
major destination for Cubans trying to migrate to the US
-1.5 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)

note:
according to UNHCR, by the end of 1999 Kenya was host to 223,700 refugees from neighboring countries, including: Somalia 141,000 and Sudan 64,250
Pipelines - petroleum products 483 km
Political parties and leaders there are no formal political parties but the following loose groupings act as political organizations; National Team; Democratic Alliance; Team Cayman Democratic Party of Kenya or DP [Mwai KIBAKI]; Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-Asili or FORD-A [Martin SHIKUKU, secretary general]; Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-Kenya or FORD-K [Michael Kijana WAMALWA]; Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-People or FORD-People [Kimaniwa NYOIKE, chairman]; Kenya African National Union or KANU [President Daniel Toroitich arap MOI] - the governing party; National Development Party or NDP [Raila ODINGA, president]; SAFINA [Farah MAALIM, chairman]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Dr. Apollo NJONJO, secretary general and Justus NYANG'AYA, chairman]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA human rights groups; labor unions; Muslim organizations; National Convention Executive Council or NCEC, a proreform coalition of political parties and nongovernment organizations [Kivutha KIBWANA]; Protestant National Council of Churches of Kenya or NCCK [Mutava MUSYIMI]; Roman Catholic and other Christian churches; Supreme Council of Kenya Muslims or SUPKEM [Shaykh Abdul Gafur al-BUSAIDY, chairman]
Population 35,527 (July 2001 est.) 30,765,916

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line NA% 42% (1992 est.)
Population growth rate 2.12% (2001 est.) 1.27% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Cayman Brac, George Town Kisumu, Lamu, Mombasa
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998) AM 24, FM 8, shortwave 6 (1999)
Radios 36,000 (1997) 3.07 million (1997)
Railways 0 km total:
2,778 km

narrow gauge:
2,778 km 1.000-m gauge

note:
the line connecting Nairobi with the port of Mombasa is the most important in the country
Religions United Church (Presbyterian and Congregational), Anglican, Baptist, Roman Catholic, Church of God, other Protestant Protestant 38%, Roman Catholic 28%, indigenous beliefs 26%, Muslim 7%, other 1%

note:
a large majority of Kenyans are Christian, but estimates for the percentage of the population that adheres to Islam or indigenous beliefs vary widely
Sex ratio at birth:
0.86 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
0.93 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.86 male(s)/female

total population:
0.94 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.02 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.01 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.78 male(s)/female

total population:
1.01 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
NA

international:
1 submarine coaxial cable; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment:
unreliable; little attempt to modernize except for service to business

domestic:
trunks are primarily microwave radio relay; business data commonly transferred by a very small aperture terminal (VSAT) system

international:
satellite earth stations - 4 Intelsat
Telephones - main lines in use 19,000 (1995) 290,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular 2,534 (1995) 5,345 (1997)
Television broadcast stations NA 8 (1997)
Terrain low-lying limestone base surrounded by coral reefs low plains rise to central highlands bisected by Great Rift Valley; fertile plateau in west
Total fertility rate 2.04 children born/woman (2001 est.) 3.5 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate 4.1% (1997) 50% (1998 est.)
Waterways none NA

note:
part of the Lake Victoria system is within the boundaries of Kenya
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